Each time the targeted event or problem occurs, record data on the check sheet. Data collected using check sheets need to be meaningfully classified. Such classification helps gaining a preliminary understanding of relevance and dispersion of data so that further analysis can be planned to obtain a meaningful output.
Meaningful classification of data is called stratification. This technique separates the data so that patterns can be seen. When to Use Stratification? Set up the data collection so that you collect that information as well.
Quality Improvement: Problem Solving Develop a list of problems, items or causes to be compared. Collect the data as per defined time frequency 3. Tally, for each item, how often it occurred. Determine the grand total for all items.
Find the percent of each item. List the items being compared in decreasing order of measure of comparison: e. List the items on the horizontal axis of a graph from highest to lowest. Draw in the bars for each item. The first point on the line graph should line up with the top of the first bar. Description - The fishbone diagram identifies many possible causes for an effect or problem.
It can be used to structure a brainstorming session. It immediately sorts ideas into useful categories. When to use a Fishbone Diagram? Fishbone Diagram Procedure - 1 Brainstorm the major categories of causes of the problem.
Causes can be written in several places if they relate to several categories. They are used to understand how the output of a process relates to customer expectations targets and specifications , and help answer the question: "Is the process capable of meeting customer requirements?
A simple and straightforward indicator of process capability. Adjustment of Cp for the effect of non-centered distribution. The larger the index, the less likely it is that any item will be outside the specs.
If your shots are falling in the same spot forming a good group this is a high Cp, and when the sighting is adjusted so this tight group of shots is landing on the bulls- eye, you now have a high Cpk.
These lines are determined from historical data. By comparing current data to these lines, you can draw conclusions about whether the process variation is consistent in control or is unpredictable out of control, affected by special causes of variation. Choose the appropriate control chart for your data. Determine the appropriate time period for collecting and plotting data.
Collect data, construct your chart and analyze the data. When one is identified, mark it on the chart and investigate the cause. Document how you investigated, what you learned, the cause and how it was corrected.
Continue to plot data as they are generated. As each new data point is plotted, check for new out-of-control signals. Quality Improvement: Problem Solving Purpose: To identify the correlations that might exist between a quality characteristic and a factor that might be driving it A scatter diagram shows the correlation between two variables in a process.
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